Common technologies

  • Polycrystalline – older, lower efficiency, less common now.
  • Monocrystalline PERC – widely used, good efficiency.
  • TOPCon / HJT – newer cell designs with higher efficiency and lower degradation.
  • Bifacial – generates from both sides; useful on elevated structures with reflective surfaces below.

What matters

  • Efficiency decides how much power you get per square foot.
  • Degradation – panels lose a small percentage of output every year.
  • Warranties – product warranty (defects) and performance warranty (output after 25 years) are different.
  • Certification – look for BIS registration and relevant IEC standards.

For scheme-subsidised systems, panels may need to meet domestic-content requirements. Please check current rules.

Please verify the latest applicable rules with the relevant official authority. Scheme details, subsidy amounts, DISCOM procedures and net-metering rules change from time to time and vary by state.